What Is Angelman Syndrome Biology Essay

What Is Angelman Syndrome Biology Essay Guardians: What is Angelman Syndrome? Me: Angelman condition is an apprehensive issue of the mind additionally called as Puppet disorder. The condition was first revealed by a British pediatrician Dr. Harry Angelman in 1965. It prompts mental confusion went with discourse issues. This is an exceptionally uncommon condition that occasionally even specialists are not totally mindful of it. The condition is regularly misdiagnosed with cerebral paralysis, chemical imbalance or other mental issue of youngsters. The event is roughly 1 of every 25,000. Guardians: What is the Prognosis of the condition? Me: The people with this condition have a serious sound and typical life expectancy. A portion of the regular highlights that can be noted are resting scatters, consideration lack, discourse issues and hyperactivity. Indeed, even these can gradually decrease with age. Their sexual advancement is typical. Pubescence and menstrual cycle are likewise ordinary and happen at the privilege surmised age. There are high dangers of having extreme formative defers which can be limited or kept away from to a degree by early determination and treatment. They can lead a free grown-up life aside from individuals who additionally have epilepsy alongside this condition. Guardians: We discovered her being somewhat anomalous, she wasnt ready to get a handle on what we are advising and is truly attempting to articulate words. What are the other potential side effects? Me: The primary indications of the illness are mental impediment, discourse issues and hyperactive conduct. It is generally present right from birth however its manifestations are for the most part not saw until the age of 3. Be that as it may, certain formative postponements can be noted between 6 to a year of the youngster. Generally their MRI and CT filter reports show basically typical mind highlights. They may have no discourse or extremely low talking limit. They have higher propensity in activities as opposed to verbal correspondence. They give some interesting conduct like hand fluttering, consideration lack, visit chuckling, resting aggravations, deferred latrine preparing, taking care of issues and effectively volatile character. Seizures are noted simply after the age of three so the chance of distinguishing the condition before this age isn't generally conceivable. Their Electroencephalography (EEG) reports end up being strange; EEG is a test used to check the neural action of the mind. They have a lot of fascination in water and are exceptionally delicate to warm. It isn't totally known why chuckling is so visit in this disorder. Consistent grinning, irregular facial signals followed by explosion of chuckling out in the open are noted in just about 70 75% of the cases. They might not have great adjusting ability to walk. Trembling legs are noted alongside ataxia. Ataxia is where there is no co-appointment of solid developments. They have trembling feet coming about is inability to walk. Ordinary sitting and strolling may take 3-4 yrs old enough. In profoundly serious cases strolling is absurd until they are more established, or it might be mechanical. 100% of the cases are intellectually hindered with consideration shortfall and which is non-dynamic. They might be extreme in the greater part of the cases. For the most part they would require a protected life in their adulthood. Guardians: Oh! Do they show any unusual physical highlights? Since our little girl appears to look very ordinary. Me: Yes! They do. A portion of the basic ones are a level head at the back, wide opened mouth with dispersed teeth, light hair and eye shading, profound set eyes, over the top biting practices, daintily pigmented skin surface, inspired arm position, broadened toes, delicate and delicate palms, tongue pushing, and successive slobbering. A little head might be found in specific cases. All the indications which I have said both physical and clinical need not really be found in all children with this condition. They may happen in various mixes and in various levels. Guardians: How did the condition emerge? Me: Angelman condition happens because of the erasure of a piece of the chromosome 15 known as 15q11-13 that originates from the mother which brings about anomalous or no outflow of the maternal chromosome in the kid. What's more, consequently all the elements of the chromosome 15 are being influenced. Around 60-65% patients are influenced by this reason. In 2-5% of the cases there might be two duplicates of chromosome 15 from the dad and no chromosome from the mother. This condition is named as uniparental disomy. Here and there the chromosome got from the mother capacities precisely equivalent to the chromosome acquired from the dad. Once in a while AS may result because of breaks in the chromosome like translocation where two chromosomes break and trade their messed up pieces. The other sort is reversal where a chromosome breaks and gets connected the other way. In both these cases the specific mix of amino acids is changed which would influence the creation of ubiquitin ligase protein. Lastly in 20% cases there might be a shortcoming in the UBE3A quality which is available on chromosome 15. UBE3A is ubiquitin ligase, which is considered as one of the main considerations for the typical turn of events and working of the mind. The significance of this quality to the malady isn't yet totally known. 15-20% of the cases are unidentified transformation. They are as yet under examination and an unmistakable reason isn't characterized. Guardians: What is the significance of these chromosomes? Me: Every chromosome is made of DNA which comprises of explicit amino acids. Various blends of amino acids help in delivering various proteins which are answerable for explicit capacities in the body. So when there is a modification in the chromosome it influences the creation of the specific protein. So consequently the protein work is lost and the applicable issue emerges. The protein that is associated with cerebrum development and capacity is called as ubiquitin ligase protein which is created from the chromosome 15 of the mother. The condition is consistently from the chromosome 15 of the mother. A similar chromosome from the dad is additionally similarly significant however changes in the dads quality would prompt an alternate condition called the Prader Willi Syndrome. Guardians: What are the methods of finding? Me: Diagnosing AS is troublesome during earliest stages. The standards for determination was grown uniquely in 1995 and further amended in 2000 by the Angelman condition society (USA). In specific cases guardians or specialists may discover formative deferrals between 6 a year of the youngster. Indeed, even all mind filter reports go to be very ordinary. Simply after the age of a few prominent changes can be discovered like fixation issues, discourse impedance, balance issue, visit grinning or fluttering of hands. After the age of three EEG reports can be discovered unusual which is be trailed by DNA examination. Now and again even hereditary reports end up being ordinary which can prompt a great deal of disarray and misdiagnosis. Family ancestry of the condition and improvement history of the kid is totally contemplated and hereditary articulation of the ubiquitin protein is affirmed. The corroborative test for the Angelman Syndrome includes testing of blood in four stages: The size, shape and number of chromosomes in a cell test are noted for changes. This is known as karyotyping. Hereditary examination to discover missing chromosomes. This is finished by a particular procedure called FISH (fluorescent in-situ hybridization). A test called DNA methylation test is done where the outcome will affirm whether the DNA of both the guardians is communicated. On the off chance that both the DNA duplicates are communicated it implies that they are dynamic. In instances of AS just fatherly or the dads DNA is communicated. At last UBE3A protein is sequenced. This is done in light of the fact that occasionally DNA methylation test goes to be typical. This is because of the condition that maternal DNA is ordinarily communicated however changed. Guardians: Is Gene treatment conceivable. What are the other conceivable treatment techniques? Me: There is no conceivable treatment for the infection at the hereditary level. Since 99% of the cases are unconstrained transformation the chance of avoidance is additionally in any event level. Angelman disorder is an assortment of different ailments; henceforth separate treatments can be completed for each manifestation to give a superior way of life to the patient. The treatments are chosen by the prominent side effects and their degree of impact on the person. From the age of 3 discourse and correspondence treatment is suggested for improving their talking and imparting abilities. Word related treatment is done for ordinary living aptitudes. Physiotherapy can help in better strolling and other engine exercises. In some cases hypermotoric practices cannot be constrained by social treatment so entirely safe condition must be given. In the event that the condition is joined by epilepsy, separate prescriptions are followed as recommended by the doctor for treatment of seizures. Prescriptions are likewise accessible for dozing issues, hyperactivity and so on. Non endorsed tranquilizers are not to be given since they may prompt negative reactions. Since that they have taking care of issues their healthful status ought to be much of the time observed. Medical procedures are accessible for conditions like strabismus and other orthopedic issues. Careful bar adjustment is accomplished for serious shapes. During mature age the people become less portable and are very little dynamic. They should be given booked work under oversight to maintain a strategic distance from heftiness and scoliosis. Scoliosis is a state of serious ebb and flow side to side in the spinal line. Guardians: What is the method of legacy? Will our future kids be influenced? The danger of legacy depends on the kind of change that happens in the guardians. With no family ancestry for the ailment and in the event that the event is totally unconstrained during cell division, at that point the odds of getting the confusion in resulting kids is <1. In the event that the transformation was a translocation that is uneven or in the event that it is an erasure, at that point the kin is at a danger of half. In the event that the transformation is uniparental disomy, at that point the hazard is <1, yet t

Multiverse Essay Example

Multiverse Paper Multiverse From Wikipedia, the free reference book For different utilizations, see Multiverse (disambiguation). Physical cosmology Universe  · Big Bang Age of the universe Timeline of the Big Bang Ultimate destiny of the universe [show]Early universe [show]Expanding universe [show]Structure Formation [show]Components [show]Timeline [show]Experiments [show]Scientists v †¢ d †¢ e The multiverse (or meta-universe, metaverse) is the theoretical arrangement of different potential universes (counting the chronicled universe we reliably experience) that together contain everything that exists: the total of room, time, matter, and vitality just as the physical laws and constants that depict them. The term was instituted in 1895 by the American logician and analyst William James. [1] The different universes inside the multiverse are once in a while called equal universes. The structure of the multiverse, the nature of every universe inside it and the connection between the different constituent universes, rely upon the particular multiverse speculation considered. Multiverses have been theorized in cosmology, material science, space science, religion, theory, transpersonal brain science and fiction, especially in sci-fi and dream. In these specific circumstances, equal universes are additionally called elective universes, quantum universes, interpenetrating measurements, equal measurements, equal universes, elective real factors, and elective courses of events, among others. We will compose a custom exposition test on Multiverse explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Multiverse explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Multiverse explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Substance [hide] 1 Multiverse speculations in material science 1. 1 Tegmarks characterization 1. 1. 1 Level I: Beyond our cosmological skyline 1. 1. 2 Level II: Universes with various physical constants 1. 1. 3 Level III: Many-universes understanding of quantum mechanics 1. 1. 4 Level IV: Ultimate Ensemble 1. 2 Cyclic hypotheses 1. 3 M-hypothesis 1. 4 Anthropic guideline 1. 5 WMAP cold spot 1. 6 Criticisms 1. 6. 1 Non-logical cases 1. 6. 2 Indirect Evidence 1. 6. 3 Occams Razor 2 Multiverse theories in reasoning and rationale 2. Modular authenticity 2. 2 Trans-world personality 2. 3 Fictional authenticity 3 Multiverse speculations in religion and otherworldliness 3. 1 Hinduism 3. 2 Islam 3. 3 Planes of presence 3. 4 Afterlife 3. 5 Eschatology 4 In mainstream society 4. 1 Literature 4. 2 Film 4. 3 Television 4. 4 Other anecdotal uses 5 See likewise 6 References 6. 1 Notes 6. 2 Bibliography 7 External connections [edit]Multiverse theories in material science [edit]Tegmarks characteriza tion Cosmologist Max Tegmark has given a scientific classification of universes past the recognizable detectable universe. The levels as indicated by Tegmarks characterization are orchestrated with the end goal that resulting levels can be comprehended to incorporate and develop past levels, and they are quickly portrayed underneath. [2][3] [edit]Level I: Beyond our cosmological skyline A conventional forecast of turbulent expansion is an endless ergodic universe, which, being boundless, must contain Hubble volumes understanding every single introductory condition. In like manner, a vast universe will contain a limitless number of Hubble volumes, all having the equivalent physical laws and physical constants. With respect to arrangements, for example, the appropriation of issue, practically all will contrast from our Hubble volume. Nonetheless, on the grounds that there are boundlessly many, a long ways past the cosmological skyline, there will in the end be Hubble volumes with comparable, and even indistinguishable, setups. Tegmark gauges that an indistinguishable volume to our own ought to be around 1010115 meters from us (a number bigger than a googolplex). [4][5] [edit]Level II: Universes with various physical constants Bubble universes, each plate is an air pocket (Universe 1 to Universe 6 are various air pockets, they have physical constants that are not the same as our universe), our universe is only one of the air pockets. In the disorderly expansion hypothesis, a variation of the enormous swelling hypothesis, the multiverse in general is extending and will keep doing so perpetually, yet a few locales of room quit extending and structure particular air pockets, similar to gas pock ets in a portion of rising bread. Such air pockets are undeveloped level I multiverses. Linde and Vanchurin determined the quantity of these universes to be on the size of 1010107. [6] Different air pockets may encounter diverse unconstrained evenness breaking bringing about various properties, for example, unique physical constants. [4] This level likewise incorporates John Archibald Wheelers oscillatory universe hypothesis and Lee Smolins fertile universes hypothesis. [edit]Level III: Many-universes understanding of quantum mechanics Hugh Everetts many-universes translation (MWI) is one of a few standard translations of quantum mechanics. In a nutshell, one part of quantum echanics is that sure perceptions can't be anticipated completely. Rather, there is a scope of potential perceptions each with an alternate likelihood. As per the MWI, every one of these potential perceptions compares to an alternate universe. Assume a pass on is tossed that contains 6 sides and that the outcome relates to a quantum mechanics noticeable. Every one of the 6 potential ways the bite the dust can fall relate to 6 distinct universes. (All the more accurately, in MWI there is just a solitary universe yet after the split into numerous universes these can't as a rule collaborate. [7] Tegmark contends that a level III multiverse doesn't contain a larger number of conceivable outcomes in the Hubble volume than a level I-II multiverse. Basically, all the various universes made by parts in a level III multiverse with the equivalent physical constants can be found in some Hubble volume in a level I multiverse. Tegmark composes that The main distinction between Level I and Level III is the place your doppelgangers live. In Level I they live somewhere else in past three-dimensional space. In Level III they live on another quantum branch in endless dimensional Hilbert space. So also, all level II bubble universes with various physical constants can as a result be found as universes made by parts right now of unconstrained balance br eaking in a level III multiverse. [4] Related to the many-universes thought are Richard Feynmans various accounts translation and H. Health food nut Zehs many-personalities translation. [edit]Level IV: Ultimate Ensemble The Ultimate Ensemble theory of Tegmark himself. This level considers similarly genuine all universes that can be characterized by numerical structures. This additionally incorporates those having physical laws unique in relation to our perceptible universe. Tegmark composes that theoretical science is general to the point that any Theory Of Everything (TOE) that is quantifiable in simply formal terms (free of unclear human phrasing) is likewise a scientific structure. For example, a TOE including a lot of various kinds of elements (indicated by words, state) and relations between them (signified by extra words) is only what mathematicians call a set-hypothetical model, and one can for the most part locate a proper framework that it is a model of. He contends this infers any possible equal universe hypothesis can be depicted at Level IV and subsumes every single other outfit, subsequently brings losure to the progressive system of multiverses, and there can't be say a Level V. [8] Jurgen Schmidhuber, in any case, says the arrangement of scientific structures isn't very much characterized, and concedes just universe portrayals describable by useful arithmetic, that is, PC programs. He expressly incorporates universe portrayals describable by non-ending programs whose yield bits meet after limited time, despite the fact that the combination time itself may not be unsurprising by an ending program, due to Kurt Godels constraints. 9][10][11] He likewise expressly talks about the more limited gathering of rapidly calculable universes. Cyclic hypotheses Main articles: Cyclic model and Oscillatory universe In a few speculations there is a progression of unbounded, self-supporting cycles (for instance: an unfathomable length of time of Big Bang-Big crunches). [edit]M-hypothesis See likewise: Brane cosmology and String hypothesis scene A multiverse of a to some degree diverse kind has been imagined inside the multi-dimensional augmentation of string hypothesis known as M-hypothesis, otherwise called Membrane Theory. 13] In M-hypothesis our universe and others are made by crashes between p-branes in a space with 11 and 26 measurements (the quantity of measurements relies upon the chirality of the observer);[14][15] every universe appears as a D-brane. [14][15] Objects in every universe are basically kept to the D-brane of their universe, however might have the option to interface with different universes through gravity, a power which isn't limited to D-branes. [16] This is not normal for the universes in the quantum m ultiverse, yet the two ideas can work simultaneously. [edit]Anthropic standard Fundamental article: Anthropic guideline The idea of different universes has been proposed to clarify why our universe is by all accounts tweaked for cognizant life as we experience it. On the off chance that there were a huge number (perhaps unending) of various physical laws (or major constants) in the same number of universes, a portion of these would have laws that were reasonable for stars, planets and life to exist. The powerless human-centered standard could then be applied to reason that we would just deliberately exist in those universes which were finely-tuned for our cognizant presence. Subsequently, while the likelihood may be incredibly little that there is life in the greater part of the universes, this shortage of life-supporting universes doesn't infer canny structure as the main clarification of our reality. [edit]WMAP cold spot Laura Mersini-Houghton guarantees that the WMAP cold spot may give testable observational proof to an equal universe inside the multiverse. [edit]Criticisms [edit]Non-scient

Difference between Mac and PC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Contrast among Mac and PC - Essay Example In this article, Rob outlines the contrasts among Mac and PC in detail to empower the potential purchasers to settle on the PC that acceptably satisfies their necessities. This free video accessible on the previously mentioned website page manages the contrasts among PC and Mac PCs. The anchorperson who clarifies the points of interest that Mac has over PC is an ensured PC professional who consummately realizes what he is discussing. My venture was relating to the contrasts among PC and Mac PCs. The given task acquainted me with the complexities of both the PC and Mac PCs. However, I was at first mindful of a portion of the distinctions that existed in the two PCs, seeking after this venture made my insight more inside and out, detailed and careful. In the wake of achieving this task, I feel progressively sure and glad. It is an unexpected that in today’s techno astute world, however individuals unreservedly use innovation in their everyday life, there are just a rare sorts of people who really think about the highlights innate in a given innovation. Such shallow methodology towards mechanical seeing unquestionably negatively affects the capability with which an innovation could be utilized. Prior to settling on picking a PC or a Mac PC, it is significant for a client to comprehend one’s necessities and prerequisites. Both the advances have their exceptional qualities and shortcomings. Individuals generally don't have the foggiest idea about that in the event that they are not keen on gaming, Mac conclusively offers a few focal points over PC. This venture has refined my examination aptitudes, yet has likewise made me increasingly keen on uncommon contrasts existing between two contending innovations. This freshly discovered intrigue will go far in helping me utilize the accessible innovations under various

Setting and character portrayal, not plot, are essential elements of fiction The Assault and Chronicle of a Death Foretold - Literature Essay Samples

Setting and character portrayal play monumental roles in conveying themes as well as the author’s purpose in literature. In The Assault and Chronicle of Death Foretold, Mulisch and Marquez use these techniques to illustrate the dynamic within groups as well as the impact of society on an individual. In these works of literature, setting and character portrayal help the authors critique society and convey major themes, while plot plays a minimal role, thus proving that setting and character portrayal are more essential in literature. In both works, the setting plays a critical role in shedding light on the society the novels exist within, and through this major themes are developed. For example, The Assault takes place in Holland, and one of the defining characteristics of that society is its violence. The novel details events such as Anton’s â€Å"house burning inside and out† (p 28) and it becomes apparent to the reader that war is a constant there. Violence and war are major part of their culture and its effect is nowhere more prevalent than in Anton’s life. The entire novel focuses on how Anton deals with his post-traumatic stress, and the reader watches as he struggles with processing his emotions and accepting his past. This ultimately develops into one of the main themes of the novel- embracing the past. Through Anton’s struggle Mulisch illustrates to the reader that society has a profound effect on an individual’s past and present. In Chronicle of a Death Foretold the setting revolves around the backwards culture of a town and its effect on the individual lives of the townspeople. Their culture penetrates all aspects of their lives, and the major plot points center around their traditions as set by their society. Bayardo returns Angela to her family because of tradition, and the Vicario brothers feel obligated to commit murder because of the â€Å"horrible duty that’s fallen on them† (p 57). Traditions and rituals rule the town, and they shape the lives of the people. The oppression the townspeople is obvious, and through this Marquez critiques their society, forming one of the main themes of the book. In both works the setting revolves less around a physical location and more around the society in which they live. Furthermore, in both novels the setting serves as the inciting incident and propels the plot forward. In The Assault the war torn society is the reason Anton’s family was killed and in Chronicle of a Death Foretold their traditions result in Santiago’s murder. In both of these cases, the setting allows the author to show the reader the darkside of society. Ultimately, setting plays a critical role in literature because it allows an author to delve into a society and provide a commentary on it. In both novels, character portrayal, particularly of the minor characters, plays an indispensable role in developing the themes and conveying purpose. In The Assault, Mulisch displays the dynamic between groups and society through minor characters in order to show the reader that even when in a group, responsibility to do what is right still falls on the individual. This can be most appropriately seen in the character Schulz. As a member of the Nazi party, he is clearly the â€Å"bad buy†, yet he sacrifices his own life to save Anton when he â€Å"pulled [him] out from his hiding place under the steering wheel and dragged him to a ditch† (p 48) during an air raid, and this surprises the reader. It is accepted in the novel, at least in the beginning, and in our society in general that the Nazis were evil, yet Schulz, a Nazi, traded his own life for Anton’s. The dichotomy of the reader’s expectation and the characterization provided by Mulisch is striking. M ulisch uses this contrast intentionally to convey his message that an individual exists outside of their group and that they make their own choices. Mulisch conveys to the reader that an individual ultimately must take responsibility for themselves and that their individual choices must still contribute to the greater good. In Chronicle of a Death Foretold, Marquez makes a similar point, also through a minor character, explaining how an individual can break away from society and make their own choices. In the novel, the town encourages the Vicario brothers to murder Santiago, some actively and some passively through their inaction. Clotilde, however, breaks this tradition by doing everything in her power to prevent the murder. As a woman in a patriarchal society, Clotilde has limited influence, but she still attempts to get them drunk by â€Å"selling them of a bottle of cane liquor† (p 54) so that they are too intoxicated to murder Santiago. Ultimately, her plan fails, but Clotilde gains the reader’s respect for trying. The reader finds it maddening that there is no meaningful attempt from the townsfolk to prevent the murder, and Clotilde’s effort, albeit unsuccessful, is refreshing and stands out. This indirect characterization displays Clotilde’s courage, and due to the po sitive tone through which her actions are conveyed, Marquez encourages the reader to do the same. Marquez is making a similar point to Mulisch and illustrates that while individuals might have limited power, they have control over their decisions, and are responsible for themselves and for contributing to the greater good. In both works, character portrayal plays an indispensable role in developing themes. Through characterization and tone, the reader gains insight into the author’s purpose and helps display to the reader that the responsibility towards the greater good falls onto individuals and that sometimes, they must go again society. This major lesson learned through character portrayal epitomizes how vital of a role it plays in literature and in revealing an author’s intentions. In both works, the plot is relatively insignificant and serves as little more than a premise through which the authors explore their respective themes. In The Assault, the plot is dull, focusing only on how Anton deals with his post traumatic stress from a singular event in his childhood. The lone plot point with even a hint of excitement is in the very beginning when Anton loses his family, but following this the events are mundane and center around him meeting minor characters such as Fake Ploeg Jr. and Takes. The narrative in The Assault meanders through Anton’s life, bringing the reader’s attention to smaller conversations as opposed to major life events such as his marriages or the birth of his child. Because the plot is dull, emphasis is placed on individual conversations, usually with minor characters, that impacted Anton’s life. As result of the sub par plot, Mulisch focuses on conveying themes through other avenues such as the indirect characterization g ained from these conversations. Similarly to The Assault, Chronicle of a Death Foretold centers around a single event, with the plot rarely deviating from it and focusing on what happened leading up to and after it. The plot is told through a non-linear narrative structure, and this allows Marquez to focuses on various aspects of the before and after from multiple points of view. The emphasis is mainly placed on the before because it provides an explanation for the tragic events and this entices the reader. Furthermore, it also helps convey one of the main messages of the novel. By focusing the events leading up to Santiago’s murder, Marquez stresses the importance of why things happen. Overall, in both works, and in literature in general, authors are rarely interested in the events themselves, but rather the fallout. How the characters deal with conflict and the authors indirect critique of it is where the readers learn the lesson, and this is usually conveyed through character portrayal and incited by sett ing. In conclusion, setting and character portrayal are essential elements of literature, while in comparison, plot is not nearly as significant. As can be seen in The Assault and Chronicle of a Death Foretold, setting provides a reason for the major conflicts in a novel. The reader sees Anton harmed by the traumatic events of his childhood as caused by his society, and as well as Santiago murdered in an attempt to up hold archaic traditions. How the characters deal with this conflict and how the author conveys this through character portrayal reveals the author’s intended message. In The Assault, Schulz is viewed favorably by the reader, and through this Mulisch conveys that an individual must hold onto their humanity, even when apart of a group. Chronicle of a Death Foretold conveys a similar message through Clotilde by showing that an individual is still responsible for their own actions and they sometimes must break away from a group for the greater good. Plot, on the other han d, serves as little more than a vessel through which the authors convey their message, and is therefore insignificant in terms of literary importance compared to setting and character portrayal.

New Deal Acronyms

Following are common New Deal acronyms with their corresponding names.  Franklin Roosevelts  New Deal programs have been referred to as alphabet soup. For more detail check out the  Top 10 New Deal Programs. ACRONYM WHAT IT STANDS FOR AAA Agricultural Adjustment Administration CCC Civilian Conservation Corps CWA Civil Works Administration FERA Federal Emergency Relief Administration FHA Federal Housing Administration FSA Farm Security Administration HOLC Home Owners Loan Corporation NRA National Recovery Administration NYA National Youth Administration PWA Public Works Administration REA Rural Electrification Administration SSA Social Security Administration TVA Tennessee Valley Authority WPA Work Projects (Progress) Administration More information about the Great Depression and the New Deal

Globalisation Has Revolutionised International Business Essay

Critically examine how globalisation has revolutionised international business and evaluate impacts of this on changing view towards Corporate Social Responsibility. Introduction Globalisation has been a prevalent issue and a wide trending discussion topic. It is defined as, â€Å"a complex economic, political, cultural, and geographic process in which the mobility of capital, organisations, ideas, discourages, and peoples has taken on an increasingly global or transnational form.† (Moghadam, 1999, p. 376). This globalisation phenomenon has built the interrelationship between national markets and industries into worldwide arena. Thus, the trend towards global markets, global production and global competition has been occasioned by the interdependence growth between national economies (Brooks, Weatherston Wilkinson, 2004). Therefore, in consequence of emerging globalisation, it has impacted the international business organisations; the way international business operating the business practises has changed. The nature of macro-environment based on political, economic, technological, environmental and legal areas is required to be measured and analysed by business organisation, specifically for international firms in order to set the strategy and look for the opportunity and threat. One of the elements of globalisation changes is Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The concept of CSR nowadays is becoming more crucial as many international business organisations have beenShow MoreRelatedTeaching And Learning Of The 21st Century1098 Words   |  5 Pagescentury is not just about technology or skill for the global economy. Today teachers must be innovator, mentors, entrepreneurs, motivator, illuminators and catalysts. 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From my research on the topic I feel that the following definition by the IMF is the most accurate. They describe globalization as the â€Å"growing economic interdependence of countries worldwide through the increasing volume and a variety of cross-border transactions in goods and services and of international capital flows and also through the

The Adaptive Human Resource Management Measurement

Question: 1. Demonstrate an understanding of the scope, significance and legal framework of HRM in business organisations. 2. Critically examine the factors affecting human motivation in business organisations and how motivation affects standards of performance. 3. Analyse the causes of conflict and alienation at work and evaluate the methods of their resolution. Answer: Introduction Human Resource Management has become an integral part for productive performances in the new millennium. That is because it positions an enterprise to keep up with the increasing yet dynamic demands of the markets. According to Armstrong (2010), aspects that define employee motivation, retention, and performance appraisal have become the definitive pointers in the principles adopted by enterprises to organize and manage their employees. To realize the objective for improved employee performances in order to keep up with the dynamic trends in the market, enterprises have employed the use of varied mechanics and management models in their HR Departments (Beardwell Claydon 2010). Despite the fact that Frishco has employed such measures and has consequently benefited from the Human Resources management criteria, it has also endured challenges that have mired its productivity in various accords. These elements have been evaluated in this report. The H. R Management Criteria used by Frishco to engage its Employees Open Communication Open communication was defined by Mondy and Mondy (2011) as the application of organizational precepts that demand for clarity and two-way communication. In this measure, HR Managers always require the employees to relay the information that they need to relay and to wait for feedback or to provide feedback when communicated. At Frishco, these have become definitive principles for communication as the employees have been cultured into the practice of ensuring that they provide feedback and relay their perceptions and conceptions whenever necessary. Noticeably, this measure is integral in ensuring that the employees develop trust and confidence in the management and organization in entirety (Armstrong, 2010). It is a measure that has also been integral in ensuring that the employees effectively solve conflicts that may hamper their performances and hinder their ability, capacity, and will to participate in teamwork and projects that may aid the realization of the organizations objecti ves (Beardwell Claydon 2010). Mondy and Mondy (2011) posited that such benefits are accrued as the open communication also ensures that other organizational aspects and management goals are realized in timely fashion. Frishco has also benefited from the propositions and innovative ideas presented to the boards of management because of the principle of open communication. That is because the employees feel free to help and participate in the identification of the measures that would peg the organizations productive performances or even to exploit the enterprise rivals loopholes in the market (Price, 2011). This measure has sustained its competitiveness and profitability despite the economic challenges that affect numerous enterprises on regular bases (Armstrong, 2010). Commitment to the wellbeing of the Employees Frishco has expressed its value for its employees by committing to their wellbeing. Aspects such as the employees health, safety, and security have been the epitome of such commitment (Armstrong, 2010). Besides, the enterprise ensures that the employees are afforded the right amount of rest and time with their families and that they are paid in values that are commensurate to the demands of their work. As Mondy and Mondy (2011) clarified that such level of commitment always encourages the employees to value the enterprises need for improved performances and to ensure that they provide inputs that can facilitate the realization of the objectives, Frishco has surely benefited in this measure. Markedly, the enterprise has continually managed to realize its objectives for growth and development (Beardwell Claydon 2010). Equity and Fairness in the Execution of Principles Most enterprises have set principles that guide the way they treat their employees. Examples of such principles are the allowance and promotion principles that may define promotions in pay or positions and superiority in the said organizations. Regulations may also be set by enterprises to determine the processes through which they provide their employees with rewards and holidays. However, not every enterprise always executes such principles with equity (Price, 2011). Torrington, Hall, and Taylor (2008) illustrated that compromises are always made with the notion that such compromises may protect the organizations productive positions. For instance, an employee may be afforded a shorter holiday because they may be considered as integral to the organizations performances and that the organization may fail in their absence. Some enterprises may also deny some people promotions with the notion that they are not as productive or better suited as the persons who are being favoured (Mondy Mondy, 2011). However, Frishco has maintained its operations on the precepts of equity with the belief that it motivates all employees and makes them confident in their abilities to improve their performances. In the execution of polices the kind that have been identified above, the enterprise has ensured that all employees are provided with similar chances and are afforded the opportunity of complaining should they feel that they have been wronged (Armstrong, 2010). Essentially, this has catalysed unity and openness among the employees and with the management personnel. Consequently, there has been improved organizational productivity (Beardwell Claydon 2010). The Possible Repercussions of failing to Employ Precepts that enhance Employee Engagement Incoherent Communication Though Frishco has employed various communication measures as have been identified in part 1, the enterprise still lacks aptitude in this measure. Notably, its communication strategies are not clear and the application of inept strategies has hampered the ability to relay information. As a result, the discords in communication have affected the efficacy of the employees as there always results changes in the task details. Such changes, as Torrington, Hall, and Taylor (2008) noted, kill their morale and make them susceptible to factors like fatigue and poor concentration. Reactive Decision-Making Frishco has various hierarchies in its HR Management. This management criterion is targeted at ensuring that the enterprise can withstand the challenges that effect enterprises abilities to withstand challenges in various accords (Price, 2011). However, a criterion has significantly affected the enterprise by affecting its position to ensure effective integration of employees in decision-making processes. Markedly, the hierarchies demand for the employees to provide information and wait for long durations for the consideration of their contributions. Torrington, Hall, and Taylor (2008) opined that enterprises with such complications in their hierarchies always subject themselves to such challenges. As Mondy and Mondy (2011) also opined, the reactive decision-making can still make the employees feel alienated despite any attempts to convince them that there is an open communication process. As a result, they may be less willing to contribute to the decision-making processes, a factor that may negate the productivity of the workforce in entirety (Beardwell Claydon 2010). Poor Work-life Balance Despite the value for equity in the execution of its principles, some of the organizational precepts used by the organization do not favour the interests of the employees. That is so because the work demands and loads have been significant and the motivational measures employed like face-to-face communication have not been productive as the employees still exhibit reactions and attitudes that are indications of an imminent failure. In essence, the employees should be provided with more time to spend either with their families or with friends. As Mondy and Mondy (2011) indicated, such breaks are always significant in ensuring that they report to work rejuvenated and motivated to continue participating in their tasks. This is an aspect that the enterprise is not benefiting from and that risk compromising its productivity in entirety (Armstrong, 2010). The Disengagement of Employees and the Possible Consequences Employee disengagement is definitive of the use of principles and practices that do not incorporate the employees in the execution of measures and decision-making processes. Making the employees feel like foot soldiers instead of feeling as valuable members of the enterprise is an aspect that not only kills their motivation, but also makes them less inclined to participate in the enhancement of the organizational performances through the issuance/making of proposals that would ensure that the enterprise adopts new and competitive measures. In Japan, motor enterprises, such as Toyota and Honda, always engage their employees in ways that make them feel valued and encouraged to propose ideologies that would enhance performances. According to Mondy and Mondy (2011), it is for such reasons that the enterprises have managed to compete on a global scale despite the supposed superior technology that should be existing in Europe and the US. To accrue such benefits, Frishco would need to revis e its H. R Management Criteria to restore trust, unity, commitment, innovation, and productivity as the instigators of its performances (Armstrong, 2010). The best Mechanics that would Improve Employee Engagement for Frishco Audit of the HR. Practices Auditing would be integral in helping the organization to identify its weaknesses, strengths, the efficacy of the already employed measures, and the fortification measures that it needs for its practices (Armstrong, 2010). It would be targeted at the collection of the opinions and perceptions of the employees concerning the HRM Management policies that are being used by the department (Mondy Mondy, 2011). Other than that, the auditing would also need to cover the remuneration of the employees in order to help with the idealization of propositions that would ensure effective compensation and motivation of employees. As Beardwell and Claydon (2010) indicated, auditing would help the enterprise to define effectively its position. Considering that the audit would be integral for the identification of weaknesses, it would also be integral for the idealization of measures that would eliminate these weaknesses and the efficacy of the measures (Armstrong, 2010). Training and Development The enterprise also needs to adopt training practices to aid the performances of its personnel (both the employees and the managers) (Mondy Mondy, 2011). The trainings would ensure that both factions of the personnel understand the most effective measures for projecting and executing propositions for the organizations performances. The training would also significantly modify the climate of relations within the enterprise thereby making other employees more willing to direct and teach the junior and new personnel on the actions and demands that define their tasks (Armstrong, 2010). Improving Employee Motivation To improve employee motivation, the enterprise would need to employ measures that include improved salaries, allowances, and benefits. This measure would make all the employees more willing to help the organization in the realization of its objectives and tasks. That is because it would make the employees feel appreciated and that the work they are subjected to do are commensurate to the compensation that is offered by the enterprise. Clearly, this would result into unity, openness, and improved productivity (Mondy Mondy, 2011). Essentially, the combination of the measures identified in parts 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3 would ensure that coordination within the enterprise is improved and that the personnels performances befit the changes in the dynamic market of operations (Beardwell Claydon, 2010). That is because they would improve communication, organization, and performances in various accords. Besides, they would help the organization to tally its performances against those of rivals to ensure that they can continue competing effectively (Armstrong, 2010). Conclusion Meeting the dynamic demands of the new trading markets requires the application of astute measures that enhance performances by making the employees feel valued and desired by the enterprises for which they are working. Notably, Frishco has continually attempted to position itself to benefit from the execution of such measures. However, the measures have not adequately benefited its development and it is still faced with numerous challenges. As has been illustrated in the case evaluation, its failures are defined in incoherent communication, disengagement of employees, and a poor balance between work and life for the employees. Markedly, these factors have compromised its position in the market in various measures. To ensure that the company is positioned to overcome the challenges effectively, the enterprise should consider the application of improved employee remuneration, training, and development, and the use of an audit report/evaluation to determine its weakness and to recommen d measures for the fortification of its HR Management principles. These would ensure that it develops a motivated and united workforce that is also committed for the realization of the organizational objectives. Conclusively, these would be a built up on the already productive measures that have been employed by the enterprise. Building on productive HR practices positions an enterprise to improve its competitiveness and profitability. References Akor, P.U. (2014) Influence of autocratic leadership style on the job performance of academic librarians in Benue state, Journal of Educational and Social Research, 2(1), pp. 2224 Armstrong, M. (2010) Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice 12th edition: Kogan Page ltd. Beardwell, J. and Claydon T. (2010) Human Resource Management: a Contemporary Approach 6th edition Harlow: Pearson Education Limited Bhatti, N., Maitlo, G.M., Shaikh, N., Hashmi, M.A. and Shaikh, F.M. (2012) The impact of autocratic and democratic leadership style on job satisfaction, International Business Research, 5(2), pp. 3638 Gilbert, C., De Winne, S. and Sels, L. (2015) Strong HRM processes and line managers effective HRM implementation: A balanced view, Human Resource Management Journal, 25(4), pp. 600616 Hakanen, J.J., Schaufeli, W.B. and Ahola, K. (2008) The job demands-resources model: A three-year cross-lagged study of burnout, depression, commitment, and work engagement, Work Stress, 22(3), pp. 224241 Komańda, M. (2016) Communication about A business model within an Organisation in the opinion of Czechs and polish, Economics and Culture, 13(1), pp. 126128 Kompaso, S.M. and Sridevi, M.S. (2010) Employee engagement: The key to improving performance, International Journal of Business and Management, 5(12), pp. 8996 Mondy, R., and Mondy, j. (2011) Human Resource Management 12th Global edition: Pearson Education Pinnnington, A.H. and Pinnnington, H. (2014) International human resource management. Edited by Anne-Wil K. Harzing and Ashly H. Pinnington. 3rd edn. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications Price, A. (2011) Human Resource Management 4th edition: South Western Cengage Learning Sterling, A. and Boxall, P. (2012) Lean production, employee learning and workplace outcomes: A case analysis through the ability-motivation-opportunity framework, Human Resource Management Journal, 23(3), pp. 227240 Torrington, D., Hall, L. and Taylor, S.(2008) Human Resource Management 7th edition: Harlow Pearson Education Limited Torrington, D., Hall, L. and Taylor, S.(2008) Human Resource Management 7th edition: Harlow Pearson Education Limited Walls, R. (2007) How to keep productivity and employees humming during a facilities move, Employment Relations Today, 33(4), pp. 2128 Wickramasinghe, V. and Samaratunga, M. (2016) HRM practices and post-promotion managerial performance, Evidence-based HRM: a Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship, 4(2), pp. 144161

The Poetry Of E. E. Cummings Essays - Guggenheim Fellows, La

The Poetry of E. E. Cummings E. E. Cummings, who was born in 1894 and died in 1962, wrote many poems with unconventional punctuation and capitalization, and unusual line, word, and even letter placements - namely, ideograms. Cummings' most difficult form of prose is probably the ideogram; it is extremely terse and it combines both visual and auditory elements. There may be sounds or characters on the page that cannot be verbalized or cannot convey the same message if pronounced and not read. Four of Cummings' poems - l(a, mortals), !blac, and swi( - illustrate the ideogram form quite well. Cummings utilizes unique syntax in these poems in order to convey messages visually as well as verbally. Although one may think of l(a as a poem of sadness and loneliness, Cummings probably did not intend that. This poem is about individuality - oneness (Kid 200-1). The theme of oneness can be derived from the numerous inezces and forms of the number '1' throughout the poem. First, 'l(a' contains both the number 1 and the singular indefinite article, 'a'; the second line contains the French singular definite article, 'le'; 'll' on the fifth line represents two ones; 'one' on the 7th line spells the number out; the 8th line, 'l', isolates the number; and 'iness', the last line, can mean "the state of being I" - that is, individuality - or "oneness", deriving the "one" from the lowercase roman numeral 'i' (200). Cummings could have simplified this poem drastically ("a leaf falls:/loneliness"), and still conveyed the same verbal message, but he has altered the normal syntax in order that each line should show a 'one' and highlight the theme of oneness. In fact, the whole poem is shaped like a '1' (200). The shape of the poem can also be seen as the path of a falling leaf; the poem drifts down, flipping and altering pairs of letters like a falling leaf gliding, back and forth, down to the ground. The beginning 'l(a' changes to 'le', and 'af' flips to 'fa'. 'll' indicates a quick drop of the leaf, which has slowed by a longer line, 'one'. Finally, the leaf falls into the pile of fallen leaves on the ground, represented by 'iness'. Cummings has written this poem so perfectly that every part of it conveys the message of oneness and individuality (200). In mortals), Cummings vitalizes a trapeze act on paper. Oddly enough, this poem, too, stresses the idea of individualism, or 'eachness', as it is stated on line four. Lines 2 and 4, 'climbi' and 'begi', both end leaving the letter 'i' exposed. This is a sign that Cummings is trying to emphasize the concept of self-importance (Tri 36). This poem is an amusing one, as it shows the effects of a trapeze act within the arrangement of the words. On line 10, the space in the word 'open ing' indicates the act beginning, and the empty, static moment before it has fully begun. 'of speeds of' and '&meet&', lines 8 and 12 respectively, show a sort of back-and-forth motion, much like that of the motion of a trapeze swinging. Lines 12 through 15 show the final jump off the trapeze, and 'a/n/d' on lines 17 through 19, represent the deserted trapeze, after the acrobats have dismounted. Finally, '(im' on the last line should bring the reader's eyes back to the top of the poem, where he finds 'mortals)'. Placing '(im' at the end of the poem shows that the performers attain a special type of immortality for risking their lives to create a show of beauty, they attain a special type of immortality (36-7). The circularity of the poem causes a feeling of wholeness or completeness, and may represent the Circle of Life, eternal motion (Fri 26). Cummings first tightly written ideogram was !blac, a very interesting poem. It starts with '!', which seems to be saying that something deserving that exclamation point occurred anterior to the poem, and the poem is trying objectively to describe certain feelings resulting from '!'. "black against white" is an example of such a description in the poem; the clashing colors create a feeling in sync with '!'. Also, why "(whi)" suggests amusement and wonder, another feeling

The Insanity Plea

The Insanity Plea Free Online Research Papers The concept of defense by insanity has been in existence since ancient Greek and Roman times, although it did not emerge in American history until the mid 1800’s. In 1638, in colonial America, a delusional Dorothy Talbye was hanged for murdering her daughter. At that time, Massachusetts common law made no distinction between mental illness (insanity) and criminal behavior. In America the use of the insanity defense did not first appear until 1859 in a case in Washington D.C. Then, in 1986, the U.S. Supreme Court upheld the common law rule that those who have been found to be insane can not be executed (Ford v. Wainwright 477 U.S. 399). There have been many developments, and changes in the defense by insanity, and how the term â€Å"insanity† is defined in a legal sense. Some opponents of the insanity plea believe that psychiatry itself has become a way to justify mercy by making persons â€Å"exceptional† in some way, and therefore not deserving of harsh punishment we as society would deem just and fair consequences for the crime committed. Mental illness itself has not always been recognized as a legitimate disorder and there has often been lacking in understanding it and/or misdiagnosed. What is the legal definition of insanity? If a person is not convicted due to mental insanity, then what becomes of them after court? What are the pros and cons to having the ability to plea insanity? Is there truly such a thing as temporary insanity? What does the Bible say, if anything, about this issue? These are all questions I will explore and answer further throughout this paper. The most influential and most quoted tests of legal insanity are the M’Naughten Rules. In 1843, Daniel M’Naughten shot and killed Edward Drummond, the secretary to the Prime Minister of England. M’Naughten was delusional and under the impression that he was being persecuted by a number of people in England and Scotland. M’Naughten had intended to kill the Prime Minister, Robert Peel, and thought that is exactly who he had killed. The Queen and The House of Lords asked the judges in the M’Naughten trial to explain the tests by which a person could be properly judged criminally insane. The M’Naughten Rules state: The defendant is insane if they have a diseased mind that caused a defect of reason, such that when they acted, they either did not know the act was wrong or didn’t understand the nature and quality of their actions. Critics of the M’Naughten have argued that this emphasis on reason is based on the assumption that cognition is the only or the most important mental capacity with relevance to responsibility. This assumption implies that the mind can be separated into compartments and that cognition is the most important determining factor of behavior. For example, it is implied that cognition, emotion, and volition could be compartmentalized, when in fact that is not the case. Even if it were possible to compartmentalize mental functions, this criticism of the M’Naughten test emphasizes another important point, which states: a person’s mood may color how he perceives his actions, and as a result, what he believes about them. Critics also point out the fact that a person may very well understand their actions but for some reason are unable to control them. M’Naughten ignores the aspect of self-control. Psychiatrists agree that it is possible to understand that oneà ¢â‚¬â„¢s behavior is wrong, but still be unable to stop themselves from committing the act. The 1950’s had seen a growing dissatisfaction with the M’Naughten test. Viewed as rigid and antiquated, it was criticized in both legal and psychiatric circles. Critics were now calling for the introduction of medical evidence of mental illness into the insanity defense equation. Prior to the Durham Rule, some states had modified the M’Naughten test with an â€Å"irresistible impulse† provision, which basically absolves a defendant who can distinguish right and wrong but is nonetheless unable to stop himself from committing an act that he knows to be wrong. (This test is also known as â€Å"the policeman at the elbow† test, in other words, would the defendant have committed the crime if there were a policeman standing at his elbow?) The Durham Rule was first established in the United States District of Columbia in 1954. In the case of Durham v. United States, Judge David Bazelon ruled that â€Å"an accused is not criminally responsible if his unlawful act was the product of a mental disease or defect. The judge had instructed the jury as such: He instructed that if the jury believed beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant was not suffering from a diseased or defective mental condition at the time he committed the criminal act charged, the jury may find him guilty. He then stated that if the jury believed that the defendant was suffering from a diseased or defective mental condition when he committed the act, but believe beyond a reasonable doubt that the act was not the product of such mental abnormality, they may find the defendant guilty. Unless the jury believed beyond a reasonable doubt that either the defendant was not suffering from a diseased or defective mental condition, or that the act was n ot the product of such abnormality, the jury must find the defendant not guilty by reason of insanity. The Durham Rule proved vague and difficult to apply, and many were concerned that the broad definition would exonerate many more defendants than previous. There was too much confusion over whether â€Å"mental disease and defect† should be interpreted as only psychosis or to also include a larger variety of minor disorders as defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. It was a concern that defendants would begin to use alcoholism or antisocial disorders as excuses for their crimes. It became evident that it was difficult to prove whether the question of a defendant’s actions was a product of their disease was a factual question for the jury, or for expert psychiatric witnesses. Many skeptics felt that it gave psychiatrists and psychologists too much influence in the courtroom. In 1962, The American Law Institute (A.L.I.) set forth a model Insanity Defense Statute. The A.L.I. standard was intended to allow for the introduction of medical and psychiatric evidence as well as soften the M’Naughten standard. In essence, the A.L.I. standard consolidates the principles of the M’Naughten â€Å"right and wrong† rule and the â€Å"irresistible impulse† test. As of 1998, States were split between 2 standards: 22 states used some type of A.L.I. rule, while 26 used a version of the M’Naughten. During the 60’s and 70’s many state courts issued rulings showing a growing concern to protect the civil rights of the mentally ill. At this time many courts eliminated laws providing for automatic confinement of defendants who had been acquitted by reason of insanity. It also struck down an indefinite sentence of confinement. If the evaluations did not find justification for continued confinement, the defendants would be released. After the acquittal of John Hinckley Jr. who attempted to assassinate President Ronald Regan, U.S. Congress responded to the public outrage to the verdict by introducing 26 pieces of legislation designed to abolish and/or modify the insanity defense. During the time of the Hinckley trial, all but one federal circuit had adopted the A.L.I. â€Å"substantial capacity† test, and all the new proposals were devoted to creating a stricter federal standard with the intent to avoid acquittals like Hinckley’s in the future. During the 1980’s through to the 1990’s courts shifted burden and the standard of proof in such a way that made it more difficult to sustain an insanity plea. There are three states that abolished the defense all together: Utah, Montana, and Idaho. The culmination of all of the previous sanity tests, rules, and all standards by which we measure if a defendant is mentally ill and therefore not responsible for their actions, came to a head with the GBMI or Guilty but Mentally Ill verdict. A defendant who receives this verdict is still found legally guilty of the crime they are being tried for, but because they are in fact mentally ill, they have the right to receive mental health treatment while institutionalized. If symptoms desist, however, at that point they must serve the remainder of their sentence in a regular correctional facility. In 2000, there were at least 20 states that have adopted GBMI provisions. So, what becomes of the criminally insane? What happens to a defendant after a judge or jury returns a verdict of insanity does somewhat depend on the crime committed, and on the state in which the trial takes place. In most cases, those found â€Å"not guilty† by reason of insanity are institutionalized in a hospital for severely mentally ill people who have committed crimes. After a period of time, the defendant may request a hearing to determine if he or she is no longer a danger to others or to themselves, or no longer mentally ill, which would make them eligible to be released. Max was a white man in his forties who was brought to a veteran’s hospital after he was arrested and convicted in South Carolina for check forgery. In the past he had been hospitalized in various psychiatric units for treatment of his mental disorders, and both his wife and VA officials argued that he was not responsible for his actions. For this reason, an agreement had been reached whereby he would receive psychiatric treatment rather than a prison sentence. Physical examinations on admission revealed a small man, alert and orientated, with no signs of psychosis or any other physical or mental disorder. A test for syphilis was positive, but lumbar puncture showed no signs of neurological involvement. Engaging and clearly intelligent, Max spoke proudly of his birth in Vienna, his many achievements in sports, and his scholarly work as a student at the University of Heidelberg. He said that at Heidelberg, Kant and Schopenhauer were his special objects of study, and he also mentioned his deep interest in Shakespeare. He spoke of his skill at fencing, remarking that he was well-known, even feared in Heidelberg and Vienna for his deadly skill with the sword. He denied all the criminal offenses that had brought him to the hospital. His medical records showed that he had been admitted to psychiatric hospitals on six previous occasions. During none of these admissions had a symptom of orthodox psychiatric disorder been noted. On his last admission he had initially been friendly and cooperative with the hospital staff, but soon became disruptive in rather petty ways, such as encouraging fights between mildly psychotic patients. Several months before that admission he had been admitted to a veterans hospital in Maryland; he had complained of having blackout spells where he would loose his temper and unknowingly attack people. These spells were especially unfortunate for his victims, he claimed, because he had at one time been the featherweight boxing champion of England. He described his seizures lasting up to ten hours, during which he would convulse so violently as to rattle the windows and shake the slats off his bed. Max had escaped prosecution for many misdeeds thanks to the help of his wife, in spite the fact that since marrying her, he had also undertaken two different bigamous marriages, all this in addition to another previous legal marriage which had ended in divorce. His present wife was the proprietress of a brothel, but even she appeared embarrassed by the behavior of her husband, who apparently intruded frequently upon the brothel’s guests, insisting on reminiscing nostalgically about his sports achievements, often parading and roaring at the closed doors behind which the clients were conducting their business. On the occasion of his present hospital admission, on the ward, Max was very cooperative for a while, but soon became restless and hostile. On one occasion he kicked out an iron grill and escaped from the hospital, taking two psychotic patients with him. He committed petty thefts and started fights on the ward, and on one occasion when he was granted leave from the hospital, he escaped from his attendant through a tiny bathroom window and made his way to the nearest bar. He would ask for a loaf of bread in the presence of his psychiatrist. He would then break off a large chunk and place it in his mouth, chew, and remove, then model it into a large crucifix, complete with pedestal, rosettes and a garland of intertwining leaves. The bread would harden quickly and he began painting these crucifixes and presenting them to staff. Despite all his seemingly odd behavior Max was described as an exceptionally intelligent man. It was believed by those who observed him that Max would easily have been able to earn an M.D. or a Ph.D. at most American Universities. In the weeks following his admission, Max began to get in touch with local members of the community who were interested in welfare work and in helping disabled veterans. Soon these well intentioned people would begin to bring pressure on the hospital to allow Max to rehabilitate himself. On several occasions he was given parole, but each time, sometimes after only a few hours, he would become involved in a fight and be brought back to the hospital by police. He would plea his case claiming he had amnesia, he was schizophrenic, claiming he could communicate with his dead ancestors, and one occasion convinced authorities he was deluded, by claiming he was being chased by baboons. (Excerpt from The Rules of Insanity By: Carl Elliot) What does this man de serve, the psychiatric ward or jail? Who makes that decision? It’s not always a clear cut line. What are the pros and cons of the insanity defense? The pros, and the main reason this defense was ever originally created was the concern by some in the validity and ethics behind punishing a person of a criminal act, if the person committing the act suffers a debilitating mental condition that hinders the person from the ability to execute proper judgment and discernment about the morality of their actions. But with that noble concern is the flip side of the coin. The con to this defense is the repeated abuse of this defense by people who are not mentally ill, but looking for pity and/or a way to escape full consequences of their criminal actions. The insanity defense continues to be a controversy, because those who are acquitted are still usually committed to a hospital for an indeterminate period, which some view as a way to escape their sentence. Is there such a thing as temporary insanity? Yes, there is, however, it is under just as much scrutiny as the regular insanity defense. Lots of sane people are sane merely because they have never had an extremely uncomfortable circumstance that pushed them beyond their capability to cope. Causes for someone to temporarily loose sight of normal rationale could be several different things. Some examples could be, catching a spouse in the act of cheating, the effect of a strong medication, or brainwashing. Such happenings in someone’s life could cause a temporary loss of reasoning ability. The person who committed the crime could have entered a â€Å"dissociative state† briefly and committed an act that, under more normal circumstances, they most likely would not have committed. To serve the purpose of a defense in law, the disorder must show to have caused an absolute alienation of reason, â€Å"ut continua mentis alienation†, â€Å"omni intellectu careatâ € - such a disease that would deprive the defendant of the knowledge of the true aspect and position of things about him, in other words, it hinders the defendant from properly distinguishing between friend or foe. So, what does the Bible have to say about insanity? The Bible does not specifically say whether or not mentally ill people go to heaven. But, there is some biblical evidence that anyone who is not able to make a decision for salvation is covered by Christ’s death. It would be similar to how many commonly believe that children are automatically taken to heaven when they die until they reach the point where they are able to make a decision for or against Christ. When King David suffered the loss of a child, he comforted himself with the thought, â€Å"Can I bring him back again? I will go to him, but he will not return to me† (2 Samuel 12:23) King David was fully aware that one day he would see his child again in heaven. It is from this example that we can see that young children and babies are, by God’s grace, covered for salvation by Christ’s death. I feel we can make a cross reference from this assumption with children, that another group of people who lack the same accountability standards as the rest of us, mentally ill and mentally retarded people are covered by the same salvation principle. It is true that the word of God does not specifically state this. However, this would seem consistent with the character of Christ, as we as Christians are aware of His love, grace, and mercy. Any person who is mentally challenged to the degree that he could not be aware of his sinful state and believe in Christ for himself to receive salvation, would be in the same category as a child and therefore it is not unreasonable to assume that this individual is saved by the grace and mercy of the same God who saves babies and small children. To conclude, I have learned more than I ever thought imaginable about the insanity defense. This has really been a fascinating and incredible journey of research. The insanity defense came into play when the fall of man came into play. We all sin and fall short of the Glory of God. With sin come things that God never intended, like disease of the mind. I have seen more and more that the controversy over the insanity plea will never be completely resolved because it is such a gray area to be in. Only God can ever truly look into the heart of man and see his true heart and mind and intentions. As man with limits to what we can discern about another’s actions or mental capability, we do the best we can to judge those who should face judgment and give help to those who are mentally sick. But until the end of this life, there will always be this issue. Research Papers on The Insanity PleaCapital PunishmentUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)Comparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoStandardized TestingEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenQuebec and CanadaPETSTEL analysis of IndiaThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseThree Concepts of Psychodynamic

Stragtegic Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Stragtegic Management - Case Study Example The enormous size of the band had also drained its financial resources besides forcing members to rely on supplies from nearby villages. Travelers were now avoiding the forest altogether in order to prevent their goods from being confiscated. Robin Hood has the unique opportunity of encouraging people to travel through the forest by not robbing them and instead levy a transit tax. He also has the chance to contain the size of his band and remove any weak members who had become a liability for the group. These measures are necessary since the Sheriff’s power and determination are growing constantly. Besides enjoying a mighty political clout, the Sheriff has been probing the group for any weaknesses through a dense network of spies. CORE Competencies of the Company The band enjoys the benefit of dedication amongst all members towards the common cause of fighting against the rich and corrupt. Robin Hood has also knit the group into a disciplined unit where each task or responsibi lity is handled efficiently by an experienced member of the group. The group has also established policies to distribute any proceeds from raids equitably among members and has arrangements in place to store and safeguard the surplus. The group has also devised an efficient spying network that collects information on the movements of the Sheriff and other high-profile individuals in the region. Company Basic Objectives The primary objective of the band is to overthrow the corrupt and oppressive administration of the Sheriff. The band also aims at improving the living standards of the lesser privileged people in the region by targeting rich individuals and distributing their loot among the former. The group also works towards establishing alliances with people who have similar grievances against the government and are interested in fighting against this injustice. Company Basic Business Strategy The band’s leader, Robin Hood, believes in an inclusive approach in his fight agai nst the Sheriff. His primary strategy is to increase the strength and size of his band to match the might of the Sheriff and his men. All members of the band are also trained rigorously in skills like Archery and their strength and vigil is always put to test. There is also evidence that the group believes in covert tactics as it operates out of the forest and plans all its moves in advance based on gathered intelligence. Current Strategic Management Issues As mentioned previously, the group has grown vastly in size and it has become to maintain discipline and respect within the group. There is also a growing sense of uncertainty among members as experienced by Robin Hood, who could not recognize many of his band members. The band’s encampment is now thinly guarded as members have become more relaxed and discipline has become hard to monitor and implement. Robin Hood has given considerable thought to assassinating the Sheriff to take his revenge, but realizes that such a poss ibility is distantly remote. Moreover, the Sheriff enjoys enormous political and royal support and has friends in the judiciary. These factors render any planned move against the Sheriff even more dangerous, raising the chances of retribution if things were to go wrong. Actions which should be taken to address these Issues Firstly, Robin Hood should restrict the size of his band and refrain from including any new members. He should also reduce the size of his current group by retaining the strongest and skilled individuals while assigning

Benefits provided by Mafia to the American society Essay

Benefits provided by Mafia to the American society - Essay Example In Mafia no body is associated with each other as a friend or brother, if you would look closely to the history of Mafia you would find the leaders of Mafia killed either by their own family members or people relatively closer to them, "a world in which a man's murderer was most apt to be his best friend. Intrigue was the name of the game, and the intricate deals that were hatched threaded the national and international scene" (Cook 3). These people of Mafia work as a unit for the benefits of their own, and not for the society, they often have conferences for the planning of events they would be doing in that year or so, "On December 8, 1959, some 150 Mafia dons gathered in secret session in a suite of fifteen rented rooms in a hotel in Worcester, Massachusetts. Their night-long conclave was later described by Attorney General Edward J. McCormack, of Massachusetts, as a "Little Apalachin" conference" (Cook 36). It seems very strange to hear that Mafia can help anyone, but in fact Maf ia has helped numerous countries of the world. In United States of America there are about 26 cities in which Mafia is working, "When some people think of the Mafia, they think of New York City, or may be Chicago. But for a long time, there were roughly twenty-six American Mafia "families" going strong across the United States and in Canada"(26 Family Cities). It would be really unfair to say that Mafia helped the people of the society in a direct manner but somehow it did benefit few people of the society and mentioning here that not every person in the society was helped by the Mafia but only people who had status and powers, however in future most of the people benefited from the activities of Mafia, there were two way benefits that were quite prominent, people helped the Mafia and Mafia helped the people, in an interview I heard that, Mafia used to kill people for the benefits of few people who were previously in negative relations with the people who asked to be killed, at numerous occasion mafia helped tycoons to win their bets, perhaps by persuading or threatening the player who was betted upon, and at numerous occasion it has been seen that the Mafia themselves prepared tycoons in the business world. (Barringham) So these points are justifying few of the bitter realities of the American society, it is quite obvious that fewer people of the society were helped by the Mafia directly, so it would be unfair to say that every one was helped by Mafia but relatively upper society is getting the benefits. There are few more points to justify that who is helped by the Mafia, "In 1957 Joseph Barbara was a successful immigrant living near Binghamton. His hilltop estate boasted seven bedrooms and two horse barns. He also was "connected": He had friends in what would come to be known as La Cosa Nostra [mafia]" (Jack Kelly). There is another interesting point that I would like to bring in your view and that is the related to the money, when the underworld dons or Mafia leaders smuggled different materials, perhaps drugs, precious gems etc. they brought a lot of money in the country which could be very useful for stabilizing the economy of

Sleep and Rapid Eye Movement Essay Example for Free

Sleep and Rapid Eye Movement Essay Aw dreams that magical place that you drift off to in your sleep when everything goes just your way. Its that part of the day when everything is so pleasant and peaceful. Hello fellow classmates, and miss grubb today im here to talk about â€Å" Dreams† There are many things that make dreams happen. for example being in a good mood not being angry and getting a good nights sleep can make it happen. You can dream during(REM) rapid eye movement. What is rapid eye movement. Rapid eye movement (REM) is the stage of sleep characterized by rapid movements of the eyes. REM sleep typically occupies 20–25% of total sleep, about 90–120 minutes of a nights sleep. REM sleep is considered the deepest stage of sleep, and normally occurs close to morning. During a night of sleep, one usually experiences about four or five periods of REM sleep; they are quite short at the beginning of the night and longer toward the end. Many animals and some people tend to wake, or experience a period of very light sleep, for a short time immediately after a bout of REM. The relative amount of REM sleep varies considerably with age. A newborn baby spends more than 80% of total sleep time in REM. now lets talk about dreams themself. The human brain is responsible for many complex creations, but it can’t invent the image of people. So the â€Å"strangers† that you meet in your dreams actually have the faces of people who you’ve once seen in your real life but forgotten, like your childhood mailman or that guy you bumped into on the sidewalk that one time. Chances are that you’ve laid your eyes on more than a few individuals, and so the brain now has a huge cast of characters to play with when you drift off to sleep. Except for, in the case of extreme psychological disorder, every human being dreams. In fact, in a recent study, students who were awakened at the beginning of each dream but still allowed 8 hours of sleep, all experienced difficulty concentrating, irritability, hallucinations, and signs of psychosis in a span of three days. When they were allowed their REM sleep, their brains compensated for the lost time by increasing the percentage of the sleep spent in the REM stage. Dreams are a window into the subconscious. Even though most of the time, they’re completely random, disorganized, and we forget 90% of them within 10 minutes of waking up; many people have drawn inspiration from their dreams.

We Wear the Mask Essay -- Literature

Paul Laurence Dunbar’s â€Å"We Wear the Mask† is a lyric poem in which the point of attraction, the mask, represents the oppression and sadness held by African Americans in the late 19th century, around the time of slavery. As the poem progresses, Dunbar reveals the faà §ade of the mask, portrayed in the third stanza where the speaker states, â€Å"But let the dream otherwise† (13). The unreal character of the mask has played a significant role over the life of African Americans, whom pretend to put on a smile when they feel sad internally. This ocassion, according to Dunbar, is the â€Å"debt we pay to human guile," meaning that their sadness is related to them deceiving others. Unlike his other poems, with its prevalent use of black dialect, Dunbar’s â€Å"We Wear the Mask† acts as â€Å"an apologia (or justification) for the minstrel quality of some of his dialect poems† (Desmet, Hart and Miller 466). Through the utilization of iambic t etrameter, end rhyme, sound devices and figurative language, the speaker expresses the hidden pain and suffering African Americans possessed, as they were â€Å"tortured souls† behind their masks (10). The poem’s meter, iambic tetrameter, stands for the speaker’s heartfelt attitude regarding the sorrow that blacks kept away from whites, and in some cases, themselves. In the first stanza, the speaker proclaims that â€Å"[w]ith torn and bleeding hearts we smile, / And mouth with myriad subtleties† (4-5). During the time Dunbar published â€Å"We Wear the Mask,† blacks were treated with no dignity and were discriminated against on a constant basis. They felt they could not do anything to stop the series of unfortunate events that were happening to them, such as beatings, lynches, and no sufficient way to earn income or educ... ...eding hearts† and â€Å"mouth . . . . myriad subtleties† (4-5).Today, everyone is entitled to having equal opportunities in the US. Back in Dunbar’s time, on the other hand, slavery prohibited blacks from being an ordinary person in society. Although they prayed heavily and persevered, they wore the mask for the time-being, in the hopes of living in a world where the color of one’s skin would not determine his or her character. Works Cited Dunbar, Paul Laurence. "We Wear the Mask." Prentice Hall: Literature Portfolio. Ed. Christy Desmet, D. Alexis Hart, and Deborah Church Miller. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2007. 466-67. Print. "Paul Laurence Dunbar." Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 9 February 2012. Web. 12 February 2012.

Descriptive paragraphs

A teacher's way of teaching and leading can have a significant impact on the emotional and mental development of his or her students. As I step into my math class, I see eight students lining up in a row with their hands out in front of them. Mercilessly, the teacher swings his stick at their hands, counting from one to ten. Each time the stick beats down, I can feel as if a nail is hammered into my eardrums. My heart continues to pound as some of the students cries. The mad teacher finishes up with his beatings and yells out, â€Å"Getting 50% and under is unacceptable!The sudden scream from the teacher scares me as my hands squeeze together. â€Å"l am calling each and every single of your parents and letting them know the shame you brought to my class,† he shouts. The day ends with me lying on my bed trying to fall asleep as the crying of my classmates haunts my brain making me uncomfortable. After two hours, I am finally able to get some sleep. Next morning, I feel pain f rom the beatings slowly concentrate on my legs as I suddenly wake up. The dorm supervisor wakes us up with his rod at 6:30 in the morning. While I fold my bed and brush my teeth, the supervisor rushes us and shouts, â€Å"Hurry up!Lazy bums! † We sloppily get ready and Jog to the main school building. Terrified, I step into the classroom and notice that a quarter of the class didn't show up. I wait for the teacher, convincing myself that it won't be the teacher from yesterday. I wait patiently as I hear footsteps approaching the classroom and suddenly, everyone stops chattering. The same teacher walks in. He glared at us with his angry face getting ready to force his lesson on us. The teacher concludes his lousy lecture and five pages of homework. I take out my notebook and start tackling the questions.A student pproaches the infuriated teacher asking for help. miou don't even know how to solve this? † He questions as if he were talking to a three year old. â€Å"Why a re you even in my class? † he mocked. â€Å"l suggest you go back and learn one plus one. † The teacher sends the student away in embarrassment as he returns to his corner. Please don't let any of this happen to me, I pray. The bell rang. I rush outside of the prison and finally was able to relax my muscles. The supervisor picks us up and walks us toward the cafeteria. I had no stomach for food, after all the nasty events that I have witnessed already.I chew on some dry bread as if my life is hopeless. I head outside my classroom, looking at the grim towers of my school. I took a breath of the smoky air as I mentally prepare myself for my next class. With my next class in session, the grumpy teacher walks around scanning us while we write our quiz. There is a lot of pressure because of the thought of getting beaten that lies within my mind. My hands shake as I try to solve these complex questions. The danger of me even making one mistake me tremble as I let go of my pap er into the pile. I wipe off the sweat on my forehead and wait for my quiz mark.With my fingers crossed, the marking is finished. The look on the teacher's face isn't friendly as he walks up to the front of the room. He announces, â€Å"The following student get to the front desk and put your hands out, Sam, Tom, John, Sarah, Jack†¦ † He continues as I beg that he would not call my name. â€Å"Ethan, Justin, and†¦ Tony,† he ends. My heart stops as I think to myself, it's over. I toddle back to the dorm with my hand dreadfully bruised. I lay on my bed thinking about my home and my parents . Tears sta rt rolling down my cheeks as the day ends, along with what little desire I had left to stay.

Napoleons Campaign In Egypt - 1241 Words

Napoleon Bonaparte was a French military and political leader who significantly influenced European history. Born in Corisca on August 15th 1769, Napoleon first rose to prominence as a general in the French Revolution (Hutt, 4). With his â€Å"strength of will, character, application, and daring† (Napoleon) characteristics, Captain Bonaparte made a name for himself. Staging a coup d’etat in late 1799, Napoleon managed to install himself as First Consul and within three years, as Consul for life (Hutt, 3-4). Ultimately, Napoleon’s military background and cunning character led him to become a self-crowned emperor of France beginning in 1804(Dziewanowski, 90). Under Napoleon’s new military dictatorship, many of the French Revolution’s reforms†¦show more content†¦However, of the scholars and civilians amongst Napoleon’s expeditionary force many managed to greatly influence modern understanding of Egyptian culture and language, mark ing a great historical achievement. Enough information and knowledge was collected during Napoleon’s campaign by his collection of scholars and artists to complete generations of encyclopedias (Rosensweig, 1). With his troops at hand, Napoleon set out for Egypt hoping to undermine Britain’s access to India while gaining more land and extensive knowledge. On his way to Egypt, Napoleon conquered Malta and left approximately 3000 of his crewman there (Hutt, 27). After departing from Malta, Napoleon arrived on the coast of Alexandria on July 1st and encountered his first battle on Egyptian soil against the Mamelukes, fearsome warriors that ruled Egypt in the name of the Turkish sultan (Hutt, 28). Within a day, Napoleon’s forces managed to conquer the opposing army with its outstanding military tactics. Napoleon organized his infantry within small hollow square formations that faced four directions, allowing his army to repel attacks coming from either side (Dziewanowski, 91). This tactic and Napoleon’s military leadership helped the French army to defeat this much larger army. However, the celebration of victory was not long lasted as the British Royal Navy captured al l but two ofShow MoreRelatedNapoleon Bonaparte/ Napoleon I, is considered one of the greatest military leaders in history. He1300 Words   |  6 PagesFrom an early age Napoleon showed signs of being a great leader. Even as a child he was nicknamed â€Å"Little Corporal†, because of his undeniable courage and determination. In 1798 he sat forth on one of his major expeditions in Egypt. Napoleon and his soldiers defeated Egypt and they continued on their journey. Many expeditions later, Napoleon invaded Russia and thus began the downfall of Napoleon. This particular expedition lasted a very long time and two thirds of the army died from: hunger, fatigueRead MoreThe Mistakes of the Brilliant General, Napoleon Bonaparte Essays1026 Words   |  5 Pagesgovernmental overthrow. In reaction to Napoleon’s brilliant leading of his armies to victory against royalist forces, the Directory, the acting government, promoted him to general of the French forces that were about to begin a campaign against Austrian forces in Italy (McDougal, 584). Napoleon’s operation began phenomenally, with his armies crushing Austrian forces, causing their retreat and the end of their threat to France (McDougal, 584). However, Napoleon’s pride took the best of him, and he unnecessarilyRead MoreThe Legacy Of Napoleon Bonaparte And The French Revolution1107 Words   |  5 Pagespapacy. (pbs.org, nov 27, 2016) Napoleon’s many reformations left a lasting mark on the institutions of France and of much of western Europe. But his driving passion was the military expansion of French dominion, and though at his fall, he left France only a little larger than it had been at the outbreak of the French Revolution in 1789, he was almost universally admired during his lifetime. Napoleon is one of the greatest commanders in history, his campaigns and strategies of war are stilledRead MoreEssay about Napoleon I1570 Words   |  7 Pages Napoleon I Napoleons life was a very interesting one. Starting a poor boy, hated by most, rising to rule a huge empire, and then finally being destroyed by his own arrogance and ending his life humbled, remembering what he had doe, and leaving it all in his memoirs for the world to read. Napoleon was born in 1769, on the Island of Corsica. His parents, Carlo and Letizia Bonaparte, were poor nobles. When Napoleon was just 10 years old, his father helped to get him a mathematical scholarship toRead MoreNapoleon Bonaparte And The French Revolution1481 Words   |  6 Pageswaterloo, he rose again and was exiled to the remote island of saint Helena, where he died at 51 of stomach cancer MAJOR POINTS His birth and childhood, His rise to power, His down fall Encyclopedia. http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Napoleon_I.aspx NAPOLEON’S CHILDHOOD AND GROWTH Napoleon was born on 15 August 1769, to Carlo Buonaparte and Maria Letizia in Ajaccio, the capital of the island of Corsica. He was their fourth child and third son. This was a year after the island was conquered byRead MoreNapoleon timeline Essay1026 Words   |  5 PagesFrench Revolution. France November 15–17, 1796 Napoleon’s attempt to outflank the Austrian army, and cut its line of retreat before it could lift the siege of Mantua, resulted in the Battle of Arcole. Arcole, Italy 1798 The Capture of Malta, and the expedition into Syria happened, along with the Egyptian Campaign, which was Napoleon’s campaign to protect French trade interests and undermine Britain’s access to India. Malta, Egypt, and Syria November 9,1799 Napoleon becomes dictatorRead MoreAlexander the Great vs Napoleon Bonaparte, What I Got so Far Essay822 Words   |  4 Pagesstill taught at military schools worldwide. Alexander III of Macedon, commonly known as Alexander the Great, was born on a bright July day in 356 B.C. and died in June of 323 B.C. During his lifetime he was: King of Macedonia (336-323), Pharaoh of Egypt (332-323), King of Persia (330-323), and the King of Asia (331-323). From reading that alone, it is known that he was a conqueror and successful ruler. Alexander was the son of his predecessor Phillip II who passed away in 336 B.C. leaving the throneRead MoreNapoleon Bonapartes Biography Essay1520 Words   |  7 Pagesdetermined, and he eventually learned enough French to attend the military academy Brienne. There he was treated with the same attitude for being a Corsican. Napoleon did very well in school and was recommended to a military school in Paris. In 1784, Napoleon’s father, Carlo, died. Letizia was left to raise Napoleon and his 7 brothers and sisters by herself. Napoleon didn’t let the death of his father bring him down. He had already shown that he was hard working, determined, and motivated. In the fallRead MoreNapoleon Bonaparte : The Downfall Of The French Revolution702 Words   |  3 PagesIn 1796, he would marry Josephine de Beauharnais. A few days later, they would separate. It was during this year that Napoleon’s popularity would reach its peak. Napoleon and his French army would win several battles defeating other countries like Italy and Austria. He returned to Paris as a hero, and he made the choice to invade Egypt. In 1798, he would sail with 35,000 men to Egypt. He would win the battle called the Battle of the Pyramids. In the same year, the British fleet would destroy the FrenchRead MoreNapoleon a Great Military Leader1029 Words   |  5 Pagescountries. Napoleon put a lot of effort into extending his empire all over Europe. He was a master in leadership, and tactics in warfare. He knew the best way to motivate his army. Napoleon’s leadership skills were proved during the revolutionary period with the siege of Toulon (Dwyer, 2008), and the first Italy campaign in 1796 (Andrew, 2001). In addition, his leadership skills were showed during the battles of Ulm, Austerlitz, and Jena during 1805-1806. Towards the end of his empire, the weaknesses